Translations

Every inscribed object that reads from the first sign to the last: 3,569 objects, 2,139 distinct texts, 1,416 of them seals. A damaged sign is shown as IS1000 and read as …; where it can be restored at 80% or better, the text is on the Restored texts page.

Signs are in reading order, first sign on the left; composite words are written as one word; the English is a word-by-word gloss. Read the values as proposals.

Sites

The texts are listed by the site where the object was found; each list has its own search.

Other sites: Lothal, Kalibangan, Chanhu-daro, Banawali, Nausharo and smaller sites.

Restored texts

39 damaged texts that read in full once their damaged sign is restored. They are listed here apart from the texts above and are not counted as read. A damaged sign is restored only when the method that proposes it was right at least 80% of the time in a blind test, in which known signs were hidden and predicted from their neighbours, and only when the result keeps the rules of the Grammar. The restored sign is shown faint and in [brackets], with its word in [brackets] and the tested accuracy beside it: a proposal for the reader to weigh by the sense of the line.

Object	Signs	Sanskrit · देवनागरी	English
C-65 Chanhu-daro · seal	[] last sign restored, 82% tested	tulayati · dvi · mīnā · kūrma · paśupati · [pati] तुलयति · द्वि · मीना · कूर्म · पशुपति · [पति]	weighs · two · fish · turtle · Paśupati · [lord]
H-489 Harappa · seal	[] middle sign restored, 82% tested	rekhā-mīnā · [bhāra] · sapta · pati रेखा-मीना · [भार] · सप्त · पति	fish with a crossline · [weights] · seven · lord
H-507, H-1681 Harappa · seal	[] last sign restored, 82% tested	cakra · dvi · dvi · [mīnā] चक्र · द्वि · द्वि · [मीना]	wheel · two · two · [fish]
H-537 Harappa · seal	[] first sign restored, 87% tested	[vedikā] · vṛkṣa · pati [वेदिका] · वृक्ष · पति	[small altar] · tree · lord
H-646 Harappa · seal	[] last sign restored, 82% tested	ṛṣi · -sya · tri · [tri-śakti] ऋषि · -स्य · त्रि · [त्रि-शक्ति]	seer · of · three · [threefold power]
L-17 Lothal · seal	[] middle sign restored, 82% tested	[tulayati] · jīva [तुलयति] · जीव	[weighs] · life
L-96 Lothal · seal	[] middle sign restored, 82% tested	ṛṣi · [-sya] · sītā ऋषि · [-स्य] · सीता	seer · [of] · furrow
L-103 Lothal · seal	[] first sign restored, 87% tested	[sapta] · vedi · pati [सप्त] · वेदि · पति	[seven] · altar · lord
M-313 Mohenjo-daro · seal	[] last sign restored, 82% tested	rekhā-mīnā · vedikā · [triśūla] रेखा-मीना · वेदिका · [त्रिशूल]	fish with a crossline · small altar · [trident]
M-594, M-1018 Mohenjo-daro · seal, tablet	[] first sign restored, 87% tested	[granthi] · rajju · tulayati · pati [ग्रन्थि] · रज्जु · तुलयति · पति	[knot] · rope · weighs · lord
M-744 Mohenjo-daro · seal	[] first sign restored, 87% tested	[lambaka] · pakṣa · pati · manuṣya [लम्बक] · पक्ष · पति · मनुष्य	[plumb bob] · fortnight · lord · person
M-922 Mohenjo-daro · seal	[] last sign restored, 82% tested	tri · karka · [nagara] त्रि · कर्क · [नगर]	three · crab · [city]
M-924 Mohenjo-daro · seal	[] last sign restored, 82% tested	tulayati · dīpa-mālā · [pati] तुलयति · दीप-माला · [पति]	weighs · row of lamps · [lord]
M-941 Mohenjo-daro · seal	[] last sign restored, 82% tested	tulayati · eka · kūrma · kṣetra · [pati] तुलयति · एक · कूर्म · क्षेत्र · [पति]	weighs · one · turtle · field · [lord]
M-970 Mohenjo-daro · seal	[] last sign restored, 82% tested	kūrma · paśupati · [pati] कूर्म · पशुपति · [पति]	turtle · Paśupati · [lord]
M-1027 Mohenjo-daro · seal	[] first sign restored, 87% tested	[granthi] · rajju · dvi · pañca-dīpa · mīnā · sādhaka · pati [ग्रन्थि] · रज्जु · द्वि · पञ्च-दीप · मीना · साधक · पति	[knot] · rope · two · five-wick lamp · fish · seeker · lord
M-1121 Mohenjo-daro · seal	[] last sign restored, 82% tested	mīnā · yajña · [pati] मीना · यज्ञ · [पति]	fish · sacrifice · [lord]
M-1122 Mohenjo-daro · seal	[] last sign restored, 82% tested	pañca-dīpa · paśupati · [pati] पञ्च-दीप · पशुपति · [पति]	five-wick lamp · Paśupati · [lord]
M-1176 Mohenjo-daro · seal	[] last sign restored, 82% tested	tulayati · [pati] तुलयति · [पति]	weighs · [lord]
M-1287 Mohenjo-daro · seal	[] last sign restored, 82% tested	divya-mīnā · eka-mīnā · jīva · tri · candra · [pati] दिव्य-मीना · एक-मीना · जीव · त्रि · चन्द्र · [पति]	celestial fish · one fish · life · three · moon · [lord]
M-1329 Mohenjo-daro · seal	[] last sign restored, 82% tested	cakra · triloka · mīnā · eka · rakṣaka · [nagara] चक्र · त्रिलोक · मीना · एक · रक्षक · [नगर]	wheel · the three worlds · fish · one · guard · [city]
M-1722 Mohenjo-daro · seal	[] first sign restored, 87% tested	[vedikā] · triśūla · pati [वेदिका] · त्रिशूल · पति	[small altar] · trident · lord
M-1965 Mohenjo-daro · seal	[] first sign restored, 87% tested	[sapta] · vedi · pati · sīra · triśūla [सप्त] · वेदि · पति · सीर · त्रिशूल	[seven] · altar · lord · plough · trident
H-730 Harappa · tablet	[] first sign restored, 87% tested	[lambaka] · śikhara · karka · pati [लम्बक] · शिखर · कर्क · पति	[plumb bob] · mountain peaks · crab · lord
H-744 Harappa · tablet	[] last sign restored, 82% tested	māna · udaka-kumbha · [pati] मान · उदक-कुम्भ · [पति]	measure · water pot · [lord]
H-926 Harappa · tablet	[] middle sign restored, 82% tested	mīnā · [tri] · valaya · pati · sītā मीना · [त्रि] · वलय · पति · सीता	fish · [three] · bangles · lord · furrow
H-964, H-977 Harappa · tablet	[] last sign restored, 82% tested	catur · [pātra] चतुर् · [पात्र]	four · [pot]
H-1122 Harappa · tablet	[] last sign restored, 82% tested	parṇa · udaka-kumbha · [pati] पर्ण · उदक-कुम्भ · [पति]	leaf · water pot · [lord]
H-1291 Harappa · tablet	[] last sign restored, 82% tested	vedikā · [triśūla-pati] वेदिका · [त्रिशूल-पति]	small altar · [lord of the trident]
H-1800 Harappa · tablet	[] first sign restored, 87% tested	[vedikā] · triśūla · pati · sītā [वेदिका] · त्रिशूल · पति · सीता	[small altar] · trident · lord · furrow
H-1848 Harappa · tablet	[] first sign restored, 87% tested	[kūrma] · dvi-kṣetra · pati [कूर्म] · द्वि-क्षेत्र · पति	[turtle] · two fields · lord
H-1866 Harappa · tablet	[] last sign restored, 82% tested	pañca-dīpa · paśupati · [pati] पञ्च-दीप · पशुपति · [पति]	five-wick lamp · Paśupati · [lord]
H-1893 Harappa · tablet	[] last sign restored, 82% tested	cakra · eka · patheṣṭhā · pāla · [sītā] चक्र · एक · पथेष्ठा · पाल · [सीता]	wheel · one · standing on the road · bearer · [furrow]
H-2005 Harappa · tablet	[] middle sign restored, 82% tested	[tulayati] · gṛhastha · droṇa · pati [तुलयति] · गृहस्थ · द्रोण · पति	[weighs] · householder · measuring vessel · lord
K-424 Kalibangan · pottery	[] last sign restored, 82% tested	pati · droṇa · [pati] पति · द्रोण · [पति]	lord · measuring vessel · [lord]
L-180 Lothal · tag	[] first sign restored, 87% tested	[tri] · dvārapāla · paśupati · pati [त्रि] · द्वारपाल · पशुपति · पति	[three] · gatekeeper · Paśupati · lord
L-202 Lothal · tag	[] last sign restored, 82% tested	mīnā · vedikā · [triśūla-pati] मीना · वेदिका · [त्रिशूल-पति]	fish · small altar · [lord of the trident]
L-226 Lothal · pottery	[] last sign restored, 82% tested	tulayati · tri-ketu · [grāma] तुलयति · त्रि-केतु · [ग्राम]	weighs · banner marking a place with 3 stripes · [village]
M-2049 Mohenjo-daro · tablet	[] last sign restored, 82% tested	dvitīyā · dvi · yūpa · rakṣaka · [nagara] द्वितीया · द्वि · यूप · रक्षक · [नगर]	second moon · two · sacrificial post · guard · [city]